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| International Agrophysics |
| publisher: | Institute of Agrophysics
Polish Academy of Sciences
Lublin, Poland |
| ISSN: |
0236-8722 |
vol. 15, nr. 2 (2001)
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Fruit ripeness and temperature affect friction coefficient of McLemore and Gala apples
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Puchalski C.1, Brusewitz G.H.2
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1 Agricultural University of Cracow, Department of Agricultural Production Technology, Ćwiklińskiej 2, 35-601 Rzeszów, Poland |
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2 Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA |
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vol. 15 (2001), nr. 2,
pp. 109-114
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abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the influence of apple flesh temperature and ripeness on the static and dynamic coefficients of friction. Two apple cultivars with two different degrees of ripeness were hand picked from trees in a commercial orchard and placed in the environments with temperatures of either 6, 12, 18, 24 or 30°C. Friction tests were performed on whole apples against masonite, rubber, plastic and cardboard paper surfaces. Temperature and apple ripeness had a significant effect on the static and dynamic coefficients of friction for both cultivars. More ripe apples had higher friction coefficients than less ripe apples.
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keywords
friction, measurement, ripeness, temperature, apple
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